October 2022 "The role of different G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the cardiovascular system focus on the relatively less well-studied effects of GPCRs in cardiac fibroblasts, focusing on key signaling We also review the hierarchy of signaling events driving the fibrotic response and the communications We discuss how such events may be distinct depending on where the GPCRs and their associated signaling Finally, we explore what such connections between the cell surface and nuclear GPCR signaling might mean

protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in complex with G proteins or arrestins. However, applying it to GPCRs without signaling proteins remains challenging because most receptors lack In GPCR crystallography, inserting a fusion protein between transmembrane helices 5 and 6 is a highly strategy has the potential to broadly facilitate cryo-EM structure determination of GPCRs alone without signaling protein, the critical determinants that make this approach successful are not yet clear.

GPR183 by 7 α,25-Dihydroxycholesterol Induces Behavioral Hypersensitivity through Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Nuclear Factor- κ B "Emerging evidence implicates the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) GPR183 Further investigation of the signaling pathways downstream of GPR183 is needed to support the development harvested at the time of peak hypersensitivity implicate potential contributions of mitogen-activated protein GPR183-induced mechano-allodynia was associated with significant activation of MAPKs (extracellular signal-regulated

Objective: The goal of this study was to determine the glucometabolic effects of acute activation of Gs signaling Methods: To address this question, we studied mice that express a Gs-coupled designer G protein-coupled Results: Acute stimulation of GsD signaling in SKM impaired glucose tolerance in lean and obese mice The acute metabolic effects of UCN2 were not mediated by SKM Gs signaling. Conclusions: Selective activation of Gs signaling in SKM causes an acute increase in blood glucose levels

August 2022 "As important drug targets, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play pivotal roles in a wide Recently, AlphaFold2 has been developed to predict structure models of many functionally important proteins

The transport proteins that facilitate this process are classified as pump-like flippases and floppases Unexpectedly, Class A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), a large class of signaling proteins exemplified membrane reveal conformational transitions that expose a polar groove between transmembrane helices 6 Conformational changes that facilitate scrambling are distinct from those associated with GPCR signaling review, we discuss the physiological significance of GPCR scramblase activity and the modes of its regulation

October 2022 "Recently determined structures of class C G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) revealed compounds with the highest affinities were demonstrated to be negative allosteric modulators of mGlu5 signaling

September 2022 "Sound is converted by hair cells in the cochlea into electrical signals, which are transmitted G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are crucial receptors that regulate a wide range of physiological Frizzleds and Lgrs are dominant GPCRs that regulate stem cell self-renew abilities. And A1, A2A, and CB2 activation by agonists has protective functions on noise- or drug-induced hearing and discuss the role of GPCR in the cochlea, such as stem cell fate, PCP, hearing loss, and hearing protection

September 2022 "Metabotropic γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABABR), a class C G protein-coupled receptor Cryo-electron microscopy studies revealed a drastic conformational change upon activation and a unique G protein (GP) binding mode.

Recurrent high-impact mutations at cognate structural positions in class A G protein-coupled receptors expressed in tumors G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest family of human proteins. They have a common structure and, signaling through a much smaller set of G proteins, arrestins, and Because there are many more GPCRs than effectors, mutations in different receptors could perturb signaling Phenotypic characterization suggests these mutations induce perturbation of G protein activation and/

October 2022 "Understanding the activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is of paramount importance field of cardiovascular medicine due to the critical physiological roles of these receptors and their prominence cardiovascular GPCRs have been extensively studied as model receptors for decades, new complexities in their regulation rapidly due to their biochemical tractability and their ability to recognize defined states of native proteins Here, we review how nanobodies have been adopted to elucidate the structure, pharmacology, and signaling

August 2022 "GPR21 is an orphan and constitutively active receptor belonging to the superfamily of G-Protein GPR21 couples to the Gq family of G proteins and is expressed in macrophages. GPR21 expression was evaluated at gene and protein level, the signalling pathway was investigated by

October 2022 "Over three decades of research have provided thorough insights into G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) regulation. Eliminating β2AR S-nitrosylation by mutation of C265 augments β2AR protein kinase A signaling, enables β2AR nitric oxide (NO) signaling, renders mice resistant to bronchoconstriction, and protects mice from

In this sense, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) may be a good option to try to prolong our life while in the role of GPCRs in lifespan are those that mimic dietary restriction, those related to insulin signaling

Historically, ligands for GPCRs have been identified before their receptor counterparts. With the cloning revolution, several unidentified receptors have been found and were labelled as “orphan” for their endogenous ligands. Orphan GPCRs have been shown to play key roles in various physiological functions, such as sensory perception, reproduction, development, growth, metabolism, and are also linked to major diseases, such as neuroinflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, matching a ligand to an orphan GPCRs, the process of de-orphanizing, is of great importance in order to better understanding human physiology as well as to dissect the molecular mechanism governing the involvement of these receptors in human pathology. GPR84 is an example of an orphan GPCR (Sharman et al., 2011), although it is widely accepted that medium‐chain fatty acids (MCFAs) can bind to and activate this receptor with modest potency. GPR84 is a Gi‐coupled class A GPCR mainly expressed in immune cells and microglia in the brain (Wojciechowicz & Ma'ayan, 2020). GPR84 has been shown to be an attractive target in pro‐inflammatory conditions (Gagnon et al., 2018; Suzuki et al., 2013; Vermeire et al., 2017; Wojciechowicz & Ma'ayan, 2020) and efforts have been made to discover GPR84 antagonists. In this study Marsango et al. address two key questions in GPR84 biology and pharmacology: 1. how GPR84 expression profile correlates with physiological and pathological conditions? and 2. which ligands can be used as tool compounds to study the function and biology of this receptor? Regarding the first question, GPR84 overexpression in immune cells in a range of pro‐inflammatory disorders renders it a promising target in inflammatory and fibrotic conditions, including neuroinflammation (Audoy‐Remus et al., 2015), with ongoing clinical trials in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (Labéguère et al., 2014). GPR84 has been additionally proposed to be a potential biomarker in different inflammatory diseases (Arijs et al., 2011; Planell et al., 2017). Some studies have also reported GPR84 involvement in pain, atherosclerosis, and even metabolic disorders (Nicol et al., 2015, Audoy‐Remus et al., 2015, Du Toit et al., 2018). Regarding the second question, there is still a lot to be done in respect to tool compounds to study the function of this receptor towards clinical validation, as well as radiopharmaceuticals, including potential PET ligands, and suitable antibodies. Recent work has shown distinct functional outcomes of agonist ligands (Pillaiyar et al., 2018) with biased properties which can help to better elucidate the molecular pharmacology of this receptor. In addition, several GPR84 ligands have been described as well as GPR84 knockout mice. Among these ligands are orthosteric agonists such as alkylpyrimidine‐4,6‐diol derivatives (Liu et al., 2016; Zhang et al., 2016) and embelin (2,5‐dihydroxy‐3‐undecyl‐1,4‐benzoquinone) which is a natural product derived from the plant Embelia ribes (Gaidarov et al., 2018) which agonizes GPR84 but, interestingly, blocks the chemokine receptor CXCR2 and the adenosine A3 receptor (Gaidarov et al., 2018). IM (3,3′‐methylenebis‐1H‐indole) has been identified as a positive allosteric modulator of GPR84, a metabolite produced in vivo from indole‐3‐carbinol, which is present at high levels in some vegetables including broccoli and kale (Wang, Schoene, Milner, & Kim, 2012, Köse et al., 2020). GPR84 antagonists include a series of dihydropyrimidinoisoquinolinones (Labéguère et al., 2014), which behave as non‐competitive antagonists of GPR84 (Labéguère et al., 2020). From these series of compounds, GLPG1205 progressed into clinical development for the potential treatment of ulcerative colitis although it did not demonstrate sufficient efficacy (Labéguère et al., 2020). Overall, GPR84 is a promising target to exploit and the investment in better tools to study its function in both disease and physiological settings will likely potentiate drug discovery campaigns against this orphan GPCR. Check the original article at here! #GPCR #DrGPCR#Ecosystem

APRIL 06 - 09, 2022 | | SNOWBIRD RESORT, UTAH, UNITED STATES The superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors GPCR function has revealed new paradigms with increasingly complex models of receptor activation and signaling Spatial-temporal signaling of GPCRs and physiological functions; 2. The structural basis for GPCR activation of down-stream signaling and regulatory proteins; and 4.

Self-docking and cross-docking simulations of G protein-coupled receptor-ligand complexes: Impact of ligand type and receptor activation state G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) are the largest family Their abundance and role in nearly all physiological systems make GPCR the largest protein family targeted simulations that allow critical analysis of the potential interactions between small molecules and proteins structures of 11 Class A GPCR crystallized in multiple activation states (giving rise to 37 self-docking and 68

A role for BET proteins in regulating basal, dopamine-induced and cAMP/PKA-dependent transcription in The D1 receptor (D1R) is a Gαs/olf-coupled GPCR which activates a cAMP/PKA/DARPP-32 signalling cascade One candidate effector of PKA-dependent transcriptional regulation is the BET protein Brd4. We further found that cAMP/PKA signalling promotes Brd4 recruitment to dopamine-induced genes in striatal Our findings identify the BET protein family, and Brd4 in particular, as novel regulators of basal and

November 2022 Deciphering the signaling mechanisms of β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2 in regulation of cancer cell cycle and metastasis "β-Arrestins are ubiquitously expressed intracellular proteins with many functions now recognized that in addition to GPCR arresting (hence the name arrestin). β-Arrestins are adaptor proteins that control the recruitment, activation, and scaffolding of numerous cytoplasmic signaling complexes and assist in G-protein receptor signaling, thus bringing them into close proximity.

Genome-wide identification of 216 G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) genes from the marine water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are considered to have originated from early

September 2022 Cell-Type-Specific Effects of the Ovarian Cancer G-Protein Coupled Receptor (OGR1) on Proton-sensing G-protein coupled receptors are activated by acidic environments, but their role in fibrosis Here, we report that the Ovarian Cancer G-Protein Coupled Receptor1 (OGR1 or GPR68) has dual roles in We demonstrate that OGR1 protein expression is significantly reduced in lung tissue from patients with We then demonstrate that sub-cellular localization and alternative signaling pathways may be responsible

November 2022 "Despite the growing number of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) structures, only 39 structures These structures have been studied by protein mapping using the FTMap server, which determines the clustering of small organic probe molecules distributed on the protein surface. Mapping of Alphafold2 generated models of these proteins confirms that the same sites can be identified These sites cluster at nine distinct locations, and each can be found in many different proteins.

In this review, we focus on recent advances in G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) targets.

October 2022 "The canonical model for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) activation assumes that stimulation of heterotrimeric G protein signaling upon ligand binding occurs solely at the cell surface and that via G proteins from endosomes. Accumulative evidence shows that the location of signaling has an impact on the physiological effects of GPCR signaling.

August 2022 A correlation study of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors as potential therapeutic targets in Uterine Corpus Endometrial cancer "Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (adhesion GPCRs), as a member of the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) superfamily, have gradually entered the field of vision of

October 2022 Use of CRISPR/Cas9-edited HEK293 cells reveals that both conventional and novel protein kinase C isozymes are involved in mGlu5a receptor internalization "The internalization of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) can be regulated by PKC. GPCR kinase 2 and 3 (GRK2 and GRK3) KO cells, and a receptor containing a mutated putative adaptor protein 2 (AP-2) interaction motif, we demonstrate that internalization of rat mGlu5a is mediated by Gαq/11 proteins

October 2022 Focusing on the role of secretin/adhesion (Class B) G protein-coupled receptors in placental G protein-coupled receptors, the largest family of membrane proteins in eukaryotes and the largest drug Among them, the secretin/adhesion (Class B) G protein-coupled receptors are essential drug targets for Given the great value of the secretin/adhesion (Class B) G protein-coupled receptors in the regulation

October 2022 "Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (aGPCRs) are keys of many physiological events and A comparison of Gq, Gs, Gi, G12 and G13 engagements with GPR110 reveals details of G-protein engagement Taken together, our study fills the missing information of GPCR/G-protein engagement and provides a framework for understanding aGPCR activation and GPR110 signaling."