CCR2 vs CCR1 scavenging signatures CCR1 is constitutively phosphorylated, constitutively interacts with In line, β-Arrestin KO cells showed a major reduction in CCL14 scavenging by CCR1, in contrast with a on CCR1, in contrast with CCR2, indicating that β-arrestin regulates scavenging and signaling of CCR1 to a greater extent than CCR2. In monocytes and dendritic cells exposed to treatments mimicking inflammation, CCR1, CCR2, and CCR5 switch

CCR2, CXCR2, CXCR3, and CX3CR1) (Cardona, A. E., et al. 2008). other chemokine scavenger receptors that where shown to couple to GRKs, β-arrestins, or both such as CCR1 CCR1 is constitutively phosphorylated, constitutively interacts with β-arrestin2, and constitutively Interestingly, in monocytes and dendritic cells exposed to treatments mimicking inflammation, CCR1, CCR2 , and CCR5 switch purely to scavenging (D'Amico G. et al. 2000), becoming incapable of promoting cell

The anti-CCR4 antibody mogamulizumab has also been approved in Japan and by the FDA for the treatment , CCR5, CCR6, CCR7, and CXCR3) and so inhibition of this process through blockade of a single receptor An example is CCL5 which binds to CCR1, CCR3 and CCR5, and induces different patterns of receptor recycling where CCR5 recycles back to the cell surface (Mack et al. 1998), CCR3 is partially restored to the cell surface and partially targeted to lysosomes (Zimmermann, Conkright, and Rothenberg 1999) and CCR1 does

Enhanced expression of chemokine receptor-1 (CCR1) on malignant and immunosuppressive cells modulated Therapeutic targeting CCR1 showed promising efficacy with EBV eradication, T-cell activation, and lymphoma Hong-Mei Yi , Xu-Feng Jiang , Jia-Yi Chen , Li Wang , Peng-Peng Xu , Sai-Juan Chen , Wei-Li Zhao Tags CCR1

< GPCR News < GPCRs in Oncology and Immunology CCR6 as a Potential Target for Therapeutic Antibodies When CCR6 binds to its sole ligand CCL20, a signaling network is produced. The CCR6/CCL20 axis plays a fundamental role in immune homeostasis and activation. To date, there are no drugs against CCR6 approved, and the development of small molecules against CCR6 Tags CCR6 , GPCRs , Th17 cells , antibody , immune system , inflammation , therapy .

< GPCR News < GPCRs in Oncology and Immunology The EBI2 receptor is coexpressed with CCR5 in CD4+ T cells Design: We analyzed the effects of one GPCR coexpressed with CCR5, EBI2, on HIV-1 replicative cycle. Methods: We identified GPCRs expressed in primary CD4+CCR5+ T cells by multi-RT-qPCR. Results: We showed that EBI2 is naturally expressed in primary CD4+CCR5+ T cells, and that CCR5 and EBI2 Conclusions: EBI2 expression in CD4+CCR5+ cells boosts HIV-1 R5 productive infection.