obstruction and increased mucus production in asthma; loss of sense of smell in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps; and dysphagia in eosinophilic esophagitis. Chronic idiopathic urticaria , Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps , Chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps , Chronic spontaneous urticaria , Colony stimulating polyps , Nerve growth factor , Neuromedin U , OSM , OSMRβ , Oncostatin M , Oncostatin-M specific receptor

chemoreceptors, have been increasingly recognized for their presence and diverse functions in various non-nasal