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306 items found for "immune cells"

  • Profiling Immune Cell and Platelet Transcriptomes

    Additionally, the study identified unique expression patterns of GPCRs in different immune cell types , including B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and dendritic cells. cell trafficking and inflammatory responses. The identification of a diverse array of GPCRs in immune cells underscores their potential roles in modulating Therefore this study significantly advances our understanding of GPCR expression in human immune cells

  • G protein-coupled receptor kinase type 2 and β-arrestin2: Key players in immune cell functions...

    August 2022 G protein-coupled receptor kinase type 2 and β-arrestin2: Key players in immune cell functions β-arrestin2 are key integrated signaling nodes in various biological processes, and both of them regulate cell proliferation and promote cell invasion and migration. This review summarizes the roles of GRK2/β-arrestin2 in immune cell function and focuses on the pathological

  • Immunomodulatory Role of Neuropeptides in the Cornea

    resident leukocyte populations make it an ideal tissue to study interactions between the nervous and immune The cornea is the most densely innervated tissue of the body and possesses both immune and vascular privilege , in part due to its unique repertoire of resident immune cells. Corneal nerves produce various neuropeptides that have a wide range of functions on immune cells.

  • Structures of oxysterol sensor EBI2/GPR183, a key regulator of the immune response

    August 2022 "Oxysterols induce the migration of B-lymphocytes and dendritic cells to interfollicular regions of lymphoid tissues through binding the EBI2 (GPR183) to stimulate effective adaptive immunity oxysterol binding site and the Gαi interface attenuate G protein signaling and abolish oxysterol-mediated cell

  • Endocannabinoid System in the Neuroendocrine Response to Lipopolysaccharide-induced Immune Challenge

    2022 "The endocannabinoid system plays a key role in the intersection of the nervous, endocrine, and immune produced “on demand” to finely regulate the synthesis and secretion of hormones and neurotransmitters, as well It is well known that immune challenges, such as exposure to lipopolysaccharide, the main component of the Gram-negative bacteria cell wall, disrupt not only the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis but also

  • Although the cannabinoid type-2 receptor (CB2) is highly expressed in the immune system, emerging...

    schizophrenia-relevant brain circuits "Although the cannabinoid type-2 receptor (CB2) is highly expressed in the immune

  • C3aR plays both sides in regulating resistance to bacterial infections

    C3a, a product of C3 cleavage, which interacts with membrane-bound receptor C3aR to regulate innate immune cell function and outcome of bacterial infection. Specifically, previous research has identified mechanistically distinct and cell type–specific roles for C3aR in regulating innate immune cell inflammatory state, antimicrobial killing capacity, and metabolism Thus, this review will cover specific roles of C3aR in driving cell type–specific and tissue specific

  • Involvement of various chemokine/chemokine receptor axes in trafficking and oriented locomotion ...

    various chemokine/chemokine receptor axes in trafficking and oriented locomotion of mesenchymal stem cells Application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as an emerging approach was recruited forthe treatment of Chemokines are low molecular weight proteins that their functional activities are achieved by binding to the cell cells both towards and within the CNS and it appears that chemokine/chemokine receptor signaling may of MS patients via expression of various chemokine receptors in response to chemokines expressed by cells

  • GRK2 selectively attenuates the neutrophil NADPH-oxidase response triggered by β-arrestin recruiting

    that regulate receptor phosphorylation and signaling termination, GRK2, which is highly expressed by immune cells, plays an important role. The medium chain fatty acid receptor GPR84 as well as formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2), receptors expressed

  • Dynamics of tumor-associated macrophages in a quantitative systems pharmacology model of...

    nab-paclitaxel has shown clinical activity in advanced TNBC with PD-L1-positive tumor-infiltrating immune cells. As tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) serve as major contributors to the immuno-suppressive tumor microenvironment

  • Discovery and In Vivo Evaluation of ACT-660602: A Potent and Selective Antagonist of the Chemokine..

    is activated by the three chemokine ligands CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 and enables the recruitment of immune cell subsets leading to damage of inflamed tissues. modifications during the lead optimization phase led to a compound with high biological potency in inhibiting cell inflammation model in mice, ACT-660602 led to significantly reduced recruitment of the CXCR3+ CD8+ T cell

  • Therapeutic validation of an orphan G protein-coupled receptor: The case of GPR84

    Expression of GPR84 is strongly up regulated in immune cells in a range of pro-inflammatory settings

  • GPR84 signaling promotes intestinal mucosal inflammation via enhancing NLRP3 inflammasome activation

    medium-chain free fatty acid receptor GPR84 is a G protein-coupled receptor primarily expressed in myeloid cells that constitute the innate immune system, including neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages in the periphery These results define a unique role of GPR84 in innate immune cells and intestinal inflammation, and suggest

  • Therapeutic validation of an orphan G protein‐coupled receptor

    process of de-orphanizing, is of great importance in order to better understanding human physiology as well GPR84 is a Gi‐coupled class A GPCR mainly expressed in immune cells and microglia in the brain (Wojciechowicz Regarding the first question, GPR84 overexpression in immune cells in a range of pro‐inflammatory disorders in respect to tool compounds to study the function of this receptor towards clinical validation, as well In addition, several GPR84 ligands have been described as well as GPR84 knockout mice.

  • Regulators of G-protein signaling: essential players in GPCR signaling

    RGS4 is expressed in various immune cells, including T cells and B cells, and has been shown to modulate immune cell activation and cytokine production. to T cell activation[6]. Cell, 1997. 89(2): p. 251-61. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9108480/ 2. ., The essential role of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling in regulating T cell immunity.

  • C5aR2 receptor: The genomic twin of the flamboyant C5aR1

    is a classical G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), whereas C5aR2 is a nonclassical GPCR that tailors immune cell activity potentially through β-arrestins rather than G-proteins.

  • GPR15 expressed in T lymphocytes from RA patients is involved in leukocyte chemotaxis to the...

    chemotaxis to the synovium "The rheumatoid arthritis (RA) inflammatory process occurs in the joints where immune cells are attracted into the synovium to promote remodeling and tissue damage. evaluated the expression of GPR15 and GPR15L in blood and synovial tissue samples from RA patients, as well synovial fluid and peripheral blood were analyzed for CD45+CD3+CD4+GPR15+ and CD45+CD3+CD8+GPR15+ T cell

  • Keratinocyte-derived defensins activate neutrophil-specific receptors Mrgpra2a/b to prevent skin...

    prevent skin dysbiosis and bacterial infection "Healthy skin maintains a diverse microbiome and a potent immune Here, we discovered that the epithelial-cell-derived antimicrobial peptides defensins activated orphan This signaling axis was required for effective neutrophil-mediated skin immunity and microbiome homeostasis combating S. aureus infections and the formation of neutrophil abscesses, a hallmark of antibacterial immunity release of IL-1β and CXCL2 which are vital for proper amplification and propagation of the antibacterial immune

  • All Aboard the GPCR Express: Your Weekly Update is here! Oct 14-20, 2024

    Congrats to: Monserrat Avila-Zozaya , our incredible contributor, for her fantastic article on Profiling Immune Cell and Platelet Transcriptomes , and we want to wish her the best of luck on her talk today at the Europe July 12 - 17, 2026 | 20th World Congress of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology GPCR Jobs Scientist I Cell in Molecular Pharmacology - The Hauser Group Postdoctoral Scholar – iPSC in cardiac and endothelial cell receptors GPCRs in Cardiology, Endocrinology, and Taste Latrophilin-2 Deletion in Cardiomyocyte Disrupts Cell

  • On-cell nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to probe cell surface interactions

    into studies focused on obtaining detailed molecular information in the intracellular context ("in-cell ") or those focused on characterizing molecules or events at the cell surface ("on-cell"). In this review, we outline some key NMR techniques applied for on-cell NMR studies through both solution with cell surface membrane proteins such as G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and receptor tyrosine We also provide a brief survey of the applicability of on-cell NMR approaches to other classes of cell

  • GPCR Buzz of the Week | Sep 23 - 29, 2024

    Registrants will learn: The powerful applications of new cellular assays to determine GPCR ligand behavior in Molecular Pharmacology - The Hauser Group Postdoctoral Scholar – iPSC in cardiac and endothelial cell research position Adhesion GPCRs The G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR56 Is an Inhibitory Checkpoint for NK Cell receptors regulate a wide spectrum of endocrine tumors G protein coupled receptor transcripts in human immune cells and platelets Methods & Updates in GPCR Research Simultaneous spectral illumination of microplates

  • Feeder or trigger – CCR2 as a scavenger and regulator of cell migration

    Canonical chemokine receptors – scavenging “decoys” Chemokine receptors coordinate cell migration upon class of heterotrimeric G proteins, which, in turn, activate signaling pathways that ultimately lead to cell CCR2 is an example of a dual-function receptor that directly regulates both cell migration and scavenging and almost completely lost in the GRK2/3/5/6 KO cells, whereas constitutive receptor internalization Scavenging may allow cells to continuously migrate by remaining responsive to chemokines (S.

  • Induced Human Regulatory T Cells Express the Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor

    GLP-1R, indicating an immune regulatory role of GLP-1. Analysis of CD4+ T cells activated under T helper (Th) 1, Th2, Th17 and regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation FoxP3+CD25+CD127- iTreg cells. GLP-1R in human CD4+ T cells. Given the high induction of GLP-1R in human iTreg cells, we hypothesize that GLP-1R+ iTreg cells play

  • The Impact of CB1 Receptor on Nuclear Receptors in Skeletal Muscle Cells

    One suggested theory is that cannabinoids regulate a variety of physiological processes within the cells Murine L6 skeletal muscle cells were used in order to clarify additional possible molecular signaling Skeletal muscle cells have often been used; it is well-documented that they express cannabinoid receptors In the current work, it is demonstrated that skeletal muscle cells exhibit functional expression of CB1 Thus, in skeletal muscle cells, a possible physiological expression of CB1 receptors was identified.

  • Deciphering the signaling mechanisms of β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2 in regulation of cancer cell...

    August 2022 Deciphering the signaling mechanisms of β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2 in regulation of cancer cell intracellular proteins with many functions which interact directly and indirectly with a wide number of cellular They have participated in various cellular processes such as cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis

  • TAS2R supports odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in the inflammatory...

    August 2022 TAS2R supports odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in the inflammatory Background: Inflammatory microenvironment promotes odontoblastic differentiation in human dental pulp stem cells

  • β2-Adrenergic Receptor Expression and Intracellular Signaling in B Cells Are Highly Dynamic during..

    September 2022 β2-Adrenergic Receptor Expression and Intracellular Signaling in B Cells Are Highly Dynamic In the past, treatment of arthritic B cells with a β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-ADR) agonist has been shown In this study, the expression and signaling of β2-ADR in B cells during collagen-induced arthritis (CIA ) were investigated to provide an explanation of why only B cells from arthritic mice are able to improve Splenic B cells were isolated via magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS).

  • Label-free LC-MS based assay to characterize small molecule compound binding to cells

    October 2022 "Study of small molecule binding to live cells provides important information on the characterization Here we developed and validated a label-free, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based cell This versatile method allows quantitative characterization of ligand binding to cell surface expressed

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